R. D. Folkerth, Descriptive analysis and quantification of angiogenesis in human brain tumors, J Neuro-oncol, vol.50, pp.165-172, 2000.

P. Kleihues, D. N. Louis, and B. W. Scheithauer, The WHO classification of tumors of the nervous system, J Neuropathol Exp Neurol, vol.61, pp.226-219, 2002.

A. Giese and M. Westphal, Treatment of malignant glioma: a problem beyond the margins of resection, J Cancer Res Clin Oncol, vol.127, pp.217-225, 2001.

M. Law, R. J. Young, and J. S. Babb, Gliomas: predicting time to progression or survival with cerebral blood volume measurements at dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrastenhanced perfusion MR imaging, Radiology, vol.247, pp.490-498, 2008.

D. Schiff, Single brain metastasis, Curr Treat Options Neurol, vol.3, pp.89-99, 2001.

C. D. Wiginton, B. Kelly, and A. Oto, Gadolinium-based contrast exposure, nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, and gadolinium detection in tissue, AJR Am J Roentgenol, vol.190, pp.1060-1068, 2008.

X. Golay and E. T. Petersen, Arterial spin labeling: benefits and pitfalls of high magnetic field, Neuroimaging Clin N Am, vol.16, pp.259-268, 2006.

J. Wang, D. C. Alsop, and L. Li, Comparison of quantitative perfusion imaging using arterial spin labeling at 1.5 and 4.0 Tesla, Magn Reson Med, vol.48, pp.242-254, 2002.

E. A. Knopp, S. Cha, and G. Johnson, Glial neoplasms: dynamic contrast-enhanced T2 * -weighted MR imaging, Radiology, vol.211, pp.791-798, 1999.

J. A. Detre, J. S. Leigh, D. S. Williams, and A. P. Koretsky, Perfusion imaging, Magn Reson Med, vol.23, pp.37-45, 1992.

D. S. Williams, J. A. Detre, J. S. Leigh, and A. P. Koretsky, Magnetic resonance imaging of perfusion using spin inversion of arterial water, Proc Natl Acad Sci, vol.89, pp.212-216, 1992.

R. R. Edelman, B. Siewert, and D. G. Darby, Qualitative mapping of cerebral blood flow and functional localization with echo-planar MR imaging and signal targeting with alternating radio frequency, Radiology, vol.192, pp.513-520, 1994.

S. G. Kim, Quantification of relative cerebral blood flow change by flow-sensitive alternating inversion recovery (FAIR) technique: application to functional mapping, Magn Reson Med, vol.34, pp.293-301, 1995.

W. C. Wu, M. Fernandez-seara, J. A. Detre, F. W. Wehrli, and J. Wang, A theoretical and experimental investigation of the tagging efficiency of pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling, Magn Reson Med, vol.58, pp.1020-1027, 2007.

W. Dai, D. Garcia, C. De-bazelaire, and D. C. Alsop, Continuous flow-driven inversion for arterial spin labeling using pulsed radio frequency and gradient fields, Magn Reson Med, vol.60, pp.1488-1497, 2008.

D. M. Garcia, D. Bazelaire, C. Alsop, and D. C. , Pseudo-continuous Flow Driven Adiabatic Inversion for Arterial Spin Labeling, 2005.

C. Warmuth, M. Gunther, and C. Zimmer, Quantification of blood flow in brain tumors: comparison of arterial spin labeling and dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced MR imaging, Radiology, vol.228, pp.523-532, 2003.

H. Kimura, H. Takeuchi, and Y. Koshimoto, Perfusion imaging of meningioma by using continuous arterial spin-labeling: comparison with dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced MR images and histopathologic features, AJNR Am J Neuroradiol, vol.27, pp.85-93, 2006.

M. A. Weber, S. Zoubaa, and M. Schlieter, Diagnostic performance of spectroscopic and perfusion MRI for distinction of brain tumors, Neurology, vol.66, pp.1899-1906, 2006.

L. Ludemann, C. Warmuth, and M. Plotkin, Brain tumor perfusion: comparison of dynamic contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging using T1, T2, and T2 * contrast, pulsed arterial spin labeling, and H2(15)O positron emission tomography, Eur J Radiol, vol.70, pp.465-474, 2009.

M. A. Weber, M. Gunther, and M. P. Lichy, Comparison of arterial spin-labeling techniques and dynamic susceptibility-weighted contrast-enhanced MRI in perfusion imaging of normal brain tissue, Invest Radiol, vol.38, pp.712-718, 2003.

H. Jarnum, E. G. Steffensen, and L. Knutsson, Perfusion MRI of brain tumours: a comparative study of pseudo-continuous arterial spin labelling and dynamic susceptibility contrast imaging, Neuroradiology, vol.52, pp.307-317, 2010.

M. J. Kim, H. S. Kim, J. H. Kim, K. G. Cho, and S. Y. Kim, Diagnostic accuracy and interobserver variability of pulsed arterial spin labeling for glioma grading, Acta Radiol, vol.49, pp.450-457, 2008.

T. Tourdias, S. Rodrigo, and C. Oppenheim, Pulsed arterial spin labeling applications in brain tumors: practical review, J Neuroradiol, vol.35, pp.79-89, 2008.

R. L. Wolf, J. Wang, and S. Wang, Grading of CNS neoplasms using continuous arterial spin labeled perfusion MR imaging at 3 Tesla, J Magn Reson Imaging, vol.22, pp.475-482, 2005.

J. Wang, M. A. Fernandez-seara, S. Wang, S. Lawrence, and K. S. , When perfusion meets diffusion: in vivo measurement of water permeability in human brain, J Cereb Blood Flow Metab, vol.27, pp.839-849, 2007.

E. T. Petersen, T. Lim, and X. Golay, Model-free arterial spin labeling quantification approach for perfusion MRI, Magn Reson Med, vol.55, pp.219-232, 2006.

J. Wang, D. C. Alsop, and H. K. Song, Arterial transit time imaging with flow encoding arterial spin tagging (FEAST), Magn Reson Med, vol.50, pp.599-607, 2003.

M. Gunther, M. Bock, and L. R. Schad, Arterial spin labeling in combination with a look-locker sampling strategy: inflow turbo-sampling EPI-FAIR (ITS-FAIR), Magn Reson Med, vol.46, pp.974-984, 2001.

F. Q. Ye, K. F. Berman, and T. Ellmore, H(2)(15) O PET validation of steady-state arterial spin tagging cerebral blood flow measurements in humans, Magn Reson Med, vol.44, pp.450-456, 2000.

L. M. Parkes, W. Rashid, D. T. Chard, and P. S. Tofts, Normal cerebral perfusion measurements using arterial spin labeling: reproducibility, stability, and age and gender effects, Magn Reson Med, vol.51, pp.736-743, 2004.

D. C. Alsop and J. A. Detre, Multisection cerebral blood flow MR imaging with continuous arterial spin labeling, Radiology, vol.208, pp.410-416, 1998.

A. C. Silva, W. Zhang, D. S. Williams, and A. P. Koretsky, Multi-slice MRI of rat brain perfusion during amphetamine stimulation using arterial spin labeling, Magn Reson Med, vol.33, pp.209-214, 1995.