Teología moral, restitución y sociedad colonial en los Andes en el siglo XVI
Résumé
How to obtain eternal salvation when you are an old conquistador? Did he feel any remorse
for having participated in the destructuring of entire societies and in the death of the
peoples who lived in the American continent in the 15th and 16th centuries? Was it possible
to dissolve in Catholicism the morally condemnable effects of the conquest? The restitution
of goods to the Indians was one of the answers to these questions, given by theologians,
jurists and rulers as early as the sixteenth century, and put into practice in the Andes by the
encomenderos themselves, through donations and testaments. The objective of this article is
to take restitution seriously, as a manifestation of the conscience of the old conquerors, and
also to analyze the great diversity of motivations they could have to restore ill-gotten gains.
This took place while the Spanish Crown was questioning their power and therefore their
place in the colonial society that was then being built in the Andes.
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