Founded in 1881, the French Institute for Oriental Archaeology (IFAO) in Cairo is one of the major French research centres abroad and falls under the aegis of the Ministry of Education (National, Higher and Research). The institute’s mission is to study the successive civilisations of Egypt from prehistory until the modern era. The disciplines involved are archaeology, history, and language studies. The around 30 excavation sites of the IFAO cover all eras (prehistory, Pharaonic Egypt, antiquity, the Islamic period) and they are situated throughout Egypt (Nile valley, Delta, oases, Eastern and Western Desert, Sinai and the Red Sea).
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